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What are the Adaptations of Wind-Dispersed Seeds and Fruits

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Original Question: Giving relevant examples, explain how seeds and fruits are adapted dispersal through the wind method.

What are the Adaptations of Wind-Dispersed Seeds and Fruits?

  1. Seeds and fruits develop hairy and feather-like projections; to increase their surface area enabling them to be carried by the wind, and be dropped some distance from the parent plant.
    Examples: Fruits/seeds of cotton, dandelion and sonchus.
  2. Some seeds and fruits develop papery extensions thus forming wing-like structures. The extensions increase the surface area of seed and fruit so that they are easily carried away by air currents, which drop them away from the parent plant.
    Examples: fruits of jacaranda and Nandi flame;
  3. Several wind-dispersed seeds are small and light, enabling them to be carried by air currents.
    Examples: Seeds of grasses and some orchids.
  4. Censor mechanism; some capsule-shaped ovaries dry up and are partially opened off at the top. The capsule is placed at the end of the stalk such that when it is shaken, to and fro by the wind, the seeds become shaken out and scattered.
    Examples: - sesame (Sesamum spp.) and Tobacco (Nicotiana spp)