Question 1
- Define the solar system
- Give four proofs that show that the earth is spherical
Answer
- The solar system is the group of heavenly bodies comprising the sun and the eight known planets which orbits the sun
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- Satellite photos from space show that the earth is spherical
- Circumnavigation
- All other planets are spherical
- The rising sun from east and setting in the west
Question 2
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What do you understand by
(i) Micro-climate
(ii) Green house effect - Name one instrument found in a Stevenson screen
Answer
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(i) This is climatic conditions in a restricted area due to small differences of aspect slope, vegetation and human landscapes
(ii) It is a condition where the incoming solar radiations pass through the atmosphere while the outgoing terrestrial radiation is blocked by gases/clouds/atmosphere making the earth retain the terrestrial radiation/re-radiation. (This makes earth to be warmer than it would have been) it is a condition where the atmosphere balances the incoming and outgoing terrestrial radiation making the earth to retain optimum heat -
A thermometer/maximum and minimum /six’s thermometer
A hygrometer/wet and dry bulb thermometers
Question 3
- State two cause of coastal submergence
- Name three conditions necessary for the growth of coral polyps
Answer
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Melting of ice caps and sheets due to global warming and climate change
Uplift of the coastal land due to tectonic forces -
Warm Ocean waters (20-29°C)
Clear and clean water, free from silt/sediments
Salty water
Question 4
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Identify the types of faults shown by the diagrams below
- State three negative effects of faulting
Answer
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A - Normal fault
B - Tear/shear/slip fault - - Disrupts lines of transports and communication - Features provided by faulting are barriers to transport and communication - Subsidence of land leads to loss of life and properties
Question 5
- Name an three glacial erosion features found in the highlands
- State two factors that influence the rate of glacial erosion
Answer
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- U-shaped valleys
- Hanging valleys
- Pyramidal peaks -
- Resistance/nature of underlying rock
- Speed of the glacier