Question 1
- Give three factors that hinder weather forecasting in Kenya today.
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Study the diagram below and use it to answer questions b (i) and (ii).
i) Name the type of the solstice shown in the diagram.
Give the type of the movement of the earth that result to the solstice shown in the diagram above
Answer
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- Inadequate data: On same elements is readily available but lacks on others like soil, evaporation temperature e.t.c.
- Inaccurate/unreliable data.
- Other intervening factors such as slope nature of vegetation, soil moisture and wind variations.
- Inadequate personnel in the developing world who also lack skills due to limited training facilities. -
i) The type of solstice – summer.
ii) The type of movement – revolution.
Question 2
- Name the two features resulting from fissure emptions
- State three constructive consequences of vulcanicity
Answer
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i) Lava plateau
ii) Tuff plateau -
- Constructive consequences of volcanicity
- Formation of large volcanoes e.g. Mt.Kenya, Kilimanjaro, Elgon e.t.c.
- Formation of scenic beauty of the landscape e.g. shows– capped Mt. Kenya.
- Formation of rich metallic minerals e.g. diamond e.t.c.
Question 3
- Differentiate soil profile from soil catena
- State three classification of soil according to soil formation
Answer
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- Soil profile is: Vertical arrangement of various soil in layers/horizontals e.g. horizon A, B, C & D. While Soil Catena is:
- Arrangement of soil on a Mt.slope from top to bottom.
- Top of Mt.has laterite cap, slope has light soil; bottom has thick deposit of soil. -
- Zonal
- Azonal
- Intrazonal
Question 4
Describe the formation of an anticlinical fault.
Answer
- Anticlinal fault formation
- Compression causes folding in the rocks in the initial stage.
- Further compression causes gaping cracks to form at the crest of the anticline due to localized maximum tension there.
- This causes of displacement of millions of tones of rock material
- Compression causes folding in the rocks in the initial stage.
- Further compression causes gaping cracks to form at the crest of the anticline due to localized maximum tension there.
- This causes of displacement of millions of tones of rock material
Question 5
- Name the two scales used to measure earthquake
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Define the following terms associated with earth quakes.
i) Asseimic zone
ii) Epicentre
iii) Seismic focus
iv) Seismograph
Answer
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i) Mercalli scale.
ii) Ritcher scale.
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i) Asseismic Zones – Zones that are not prone to earthquakes.
ii) Epicentre – The point directly above the seismic focus.
iii) Seismic focus – The point where the seismic wave originate below the surface of the earth.
iv) Seismograph – an instrument for measuring earthquake.