Question 1
-
(i) Define the terms equinox
(ii) What is the effect of equinox on the earth’s surface - State three factors that influence atmospheric pressure
Answer
-
(i) equinox.
The time of the year when the sun’s overhead position at noon is over the equator
(ii) Effect of equinox on the earth’s surface?
At this time of the year, all places on the earth have equal hours of the day and night. -
- Altitude – pressure decreases with increase in altitude.
- Temperature – changes in temperature affects the density of the air.
- Earth rotation pushes polar air towards the equator/gravitational force
Question 2
-
Identify the types of faults shown by the diagrams below
A
B
- State three negative effects of faulting
Answer
-
A – Normal fault
B – tear/shear/slip fault -
- Disrupts lines of transports and communication
- Features provided by faulting are barriers to transport and communication
- Subsidence of land leads to loss of life and properties
Question 3
What is global warming
(b) The diagram below represents zones of natural vegetation on a mountain. Use it to answer the questions that follow
Name the zones marked X, Y and Z
Answer
- - It is the increase in surface temperatures due to increase in carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere.
-
X – rainforest
Y – Heath and moorland
Z – Snow and bare rocks.
Question 4
- Differentiate between weathering and mass wasting
- State three ways in which oceans erodes the coastline
Answer
-
- Weathering is the mechanical breakdown or the chemical decay of rocks in situ, as a result of their exposure at or near the surface of the earth.
- Mass wasting is the down slope movement of rock materials due to the influence of gravity -
- Hydraulic action- the forces causes water to remove loose material from the coastline.
- Attrition – the load carried by the ocean water hits against it itself and break
- Solution/corrosion - soluble rocks dissolves in water.
Question 5
- Give two reasons why glacial recession occurs
- State three major characteristic features of a Karst scenery
Answer
-
- Temperature change makes ice to melt progressively backwards.
- Increase in weight of the glacier -
- Few streams flow for just a short distance and disappear underground.
- Bare rugged surface
- Rock outcrops