Question 1
- State three characteristics of Nomadic pastoralism
- Give two ways in which the Government of Kenya have assisted Nomadic pastoralist
Answer
- - Cattle are kept as a sign of wealth
- There is uncontrolled breeding
- There is seasonal movement of people
- The animals are grazed communally.
- Large herd of cattle are kept
- There are frequent animal raids
- Disease incidences are common
- Many kinds of animals are grazed e.g. Cattle, goats, cows.
- The animals are poor, weakened by diseases.
- There is lack of organized land tenure -
- Provision of water: sinking of boreholes and construction of dams.
- Control of diseases and pest by veterinary or extension officers
- Establishment of the antistock theft unit.
- Encouraging the nomads to form group ranches to improve livestock qualities
- Dips have been constructed and spraying of animals encouraged
- Animal research center have been established to combat animal pest and diseases
- Improvements of markets through the Kenya meat commission.
- Construction of roads to improve accessibility
- Introduction of drought resistant crops
- Introduction of improved animal breeds, through artificial insemination/cross breeding.
- Introduction of improved pastures or planting of fodder crops
Question 2
- Distinguish between Forestry and Agro forestry
- Identify three characteristics of Agro forestry
Answer
- Forestry - is the scientific practice of planting, cultivating/developing and management of forestry/trees farming while agroforestry is planting of tree together with crops and the keeping of livestock on the same piece of land.
- - plants and crops are planted together
- trees act as wind breakers
- trees provide shade to crops and soil.
- the farmers get income from trees and crops
- manure from farm animals is utilized by both crops and trees.
- the trees provide fuel to the farmers/timber for building
Question 3
- Apart from drought, identify any two other types of natural hazards in Kenya
- State three problems associated with drought.
Answer
- - Flood
- Windstorm
- Pest and disease
- Earthquakes
- Lightening
- Volcanic Eruption
- Landslide
- Soil erosion - - Death of animals and people
- Famine resulting to food/pasture shortage
- Migration of people to potential areas
- Drying up of rivers which affects agriculture/HEP production.
- Leads to spread of desert-like conditions to agriculture potential area/desertification
Question 4
- Differentiate between renewable and non-renewable source of energy.
- Give three disadvantages of HYDRO Electric power (HEP) as a source of energy.
Answer
- Renewable source of energy are source that are able to be regenerated and used over a long period of time while non renewable sources are those that get exhausted after a certain period of extraction
- - HEP cannot be stored after it has been generated
- HEP is expensive to transmit
- Building of power plant is expensive
- Power supply fluctuates with fluctuating water
Question 5
- Give two reason why primary industries are located close to raw materials.
- State three characteristics of cottage industries in India.
Answer
- - Some raw materials are bulky to transport
- Some raw materials are perishable - - Capital invested is small
- Simple tools are used
- Locally available raw materials are used
- The industry is owned by family
- Its labour intensive
- Industries are found everywhere (ubiquitous)
- Labour is provided by family member