- One can become a citizen through; birth, registration and dual citizenship

Role of the citizen

1. Take part in election, obey laws and be loyal.
2. Be patriotic, report law breakers.
3. Be honest, obedient and responsible.
4. Be fair and conserve environment.
5. Pay taxes and work hard.

Dual Citizenship
- Dual citizenship refers to being a citizen of two countries.
- A citizen is a person who has a right to belong to a particular country.
- Citizenship is a state of belonging to a country.

- Patriotism is love for one's country.
- A patriot is someone who loves his own country.

Ways of demonstrating patriotism

1. Participating in democratic elections.
2. Obeying laws of the country.
3. Paying taxes.
4. Criticizing bad government policies.
5. Working hard in nation building.
6. Keeping government secrets.
7. Reporting criminals to the authorities.
8. Conserving the environment.

1. African socialism

- Introduced by Jomo Kenyatta and Tom Mboya in 1965.
- It was based on African traditions of sharing and supporting one another.
- Principals of African socialism are;

• Political democracy.
• Equal distribution of resources.
• Mutual social responsibility.

2. Harambee philosophy

- Introduced by Jomo Kenyatta in 1963.
- It aimed at eradicating poverty, illiteracy and diseases.

Importance of African Socialism

1. Promotes democracy in the country.
2. Promotes unity in the country.
3. Ensures people respect the rights of each other.
4. Spells out the policies by which the governments work to promote economic development among its citizens.
5. Promotes conservation of the environment.
6. Promotes equality among the citizen.